Grader.



R. E. ADAMS.

GRADER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12,1912.

Patented Mango, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

SH01 11u15 R. E. ADAMS.

GRADER.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNI; 12,1912,

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

"HI IIINIIIIIIIIII @um u Foz MMM R. E. ADAMS.

GRADER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12,1912.

Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

R. E. ADAMS.

GRADER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12, 1912.

Patented. Mar. 30, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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. the dirt-shifting mold board may be varied transverse to the plane ofthe grader frame;

vlio

as desired, to prevent the wheels from traveling in the dirt ridges madeby the grader,

to obtain maximum lateral shifting of the earth, and for various otherpurposes hereinafter apparent. ',lFo this end l make one of the axles,preferably the rear one, shiftable transversely of the grader frame andskewable to different angles about an axis' and also make the wheels,preferably on both axles, vertically tiltable relatively to the axles.This combination ofmovements allows the various adjustments desired tobe obtained. lln some instances, many of the desired results may beobtained by using only the shifting axle and tilting wheels or theskewable axle and tilting wheels, the

tilting of the wheels being essential in all cases in order to preventside draft.

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention.

lin the drawings, Figure 1 is aplan of a grader embodying my invention,some of the parts being removed for clearness of illustration; Fig. 2 isan enlarged plan view, partly in section on the line 2 2 of. Fig. 3, ofthe rear end of the grader shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a rear. elevationof such grader; Figjl is an enlarged section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;Fig. 5 is an enlarged section on line 5 5 of Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is asomewhat diagrammatic rear elevation of the grader with the wheelstilted; and Figs. 7, 8, and 9 are diagrammatic plan views of the graderin operation, showing the effects of the various adjustments.

r1`he grader frame 10 is mounted on a front axle 11 and a rear axlel-2.which are provided with front wheels 13 and rear wheels 14,respectively. The front axle 11, to which is attached the wagon tongue15, is movable relatively to the frame 10 about an axis perpendicular toltheplalieofsuch frame, yin the usual manner. The wheels 13 are mountedon knuckles 16 pivoted to the axle 11 on axes transverse to such axle'and to theaxis on which the axleis pivoted to the fra-me 10, and theknuckles 16, are

v,provided withupwardly projecting arms 17 joined by a connecting rod18. r1`his rod A18 may be shifted longitudinally by-Suitable connections.from a shaft 1h on the pivotal axis ofthe front axle 11, saidzshaft 19beingoperated in a suitable manner, as

by a bev l gear 20, .from an operating Vshaft 21 Whlch extendslsubstantially to the rear of the frame 10, ,where theoperators seat(not shown) is mounted, and is there prov1ded with anoperatinghandle-22.

rllhe rear axle 12, which isconvenientlyef square crosssection toprevent it from, rotating, is provided on its rear surface with a rack25 meshing with a gear 26 on the lower end of a shaft 27 mounted. in theframe 10, the upperendof the shaft being provided with a hand ,wheel 28whereb the shaft and gear may be `lturned .to @1%. axle 12- lengthwise.A spring-pressed locking finger 29 normally Iholds the gear 26 fromturning, but may be released by dethe pressing the knob 30. ln order toallow bars 31, the rack 25 being lheld in engage,-`

mentwith said gear by means of a-vertical pin 32, extending between thesaid bar and the frame. 1`he axle 12 where it passes between the -frame10 and the other bar. 31

is mounted in aframe 33, which engages the axle in front and rear,said-frame 33 being mounted on the adjacentbar 31 .and

provided with a rack 34 which 'mesheswith a gear 35 mounted on the lowerend of a vertical shaft;36 provided at its upper end with a hand wheel3i?.v By turning thewheel '37, the angle between the shaft 12 and thelongitudinal axis of the -frame .10 mayfbe varied, as indicated by thedottedlineszin Fig. 2.- The gear 35 may-be-lockedzagainst movement by aspring finger38, which may be released by a depressing knob 39. The

rear wheels 14: are mounted onlmuckles t5 Ypivoted to the axle 12 onsubstantiallyhorizontal axes transverse to the axle. The

knuckles Va5 have upwardly projecting karms 110 e 12,A as by being 46connected by links 47 to nuts 48 coperating with threads on the ends ofa bar 49. This bar4 is fixed longitudinally of the axle provided withcollars 50 which bear against opposite sides of brackets 51 fixed on theaxle. The bar 49 is square between thel brackets 51, and passes througha square central openingin a bevel gear 52 mounted in a frame 53pi-voted on the shaft 27. The bevel gear 49 meshes with a bevel pinion54 also mounted in the frame 53, said bevel inion 54 being connected bya universal Joint 55 to the lower end of a shaft 56 provided at itsupper end with' an operating handle 57. By turning the handle 57, therod 49 is rotated about its axis to produce similar shifting movementsof ythe nuts 48, which in turn .tilt the wheels 14.

The mold board or scraping blade 60, by which term is included anypractical means for moving dirt transversely of the direction ofmovement, is` mounted on a turn table 61 rotatable about an axisapproximately perpendicular to a mold board frame 62, which is mountedon the frame 10 and may be shifted crosswise thereof in anysuitable-manner, as by a pivoted operating handle 63 which may bedropped into any one of ay series of notches in a notched cross bar 64.To allow this shifting, the front end of the mold board frame 12 isconveniently pivoted to the frame 10 near the front end thereof, as at66. The mold v board frame 62 may be tilted, to raise and lower the endsof the mold board 60 relative to each other and to the plane of theframe 10, by hand wheels 67 connected by worm gears 68 to shafts 69,provided at their ends with cranks 70 re ectively connected to oppositesides of the ame 62 in a common manner.

When the grader is operating to move a ridge of dirt transversely of thegrader, it often happens that the wheels 13 and 14, or some of them,tend to run in the ridge of dirt before or after it is shifted, as shownin Fig. 7, which shows in dotted lines how the wheels must be tilted inorder to avoid side draft. To overcome this tendency,'the axle 12, byproper operation of the hand wheel y28, may be shifted transversely ofthe frame 10 to bring it either to the position, relative to the frame,shown in dotted lines in Fig. 8 or that shown in Fig. 9; and also, byproper operation of the hand wheel` 37, may be skewed relatively to theframe 10 to bring it to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 8 orFig. 9, so as to bring the axle at right angles to the desired directionof movement of the grader while frame10 is at an oblique angle to suchdirection. In order. to prevent side draft, or side slipping of thewheels 13 and 14, such wheels are given the proper tilting out of thevertical plane, the amount Of tilting being' Such that. the nl ann ofany wheel will substantially coincide with the resultant R of the forceof gravity X and the side pressure Y from the mold board 60 on anywheel, as indicated by the parallelogram of forces shown at the left ofFig. 6. By thus eliminating side draft, both the work required tooperate the grader and the Wear on the grader 'are greatly diminished.In some cases less than all of the Wheels may be made tiltable, or someor all of the wheels may be given a permanent tilt e ual to the averageof the proper theoretica tilts desirable. If necessary or desirable, themold board frame 62 is also adjusted crosswise of the frame 10 andtilted, and the turn table 61 is adjusted about its axis, to keep themold board 60 in the proper position relative to the rid e of dirt 75 tobe moved, though the whee s 13 and 14 are very considerably changed inposition relative to such ridge. Thus the mold board 60 is shown in thesame position relative to the ridge of dirt 75 in Flgs; 7, 8, and 9,though all other parts of the grader are shown in different positions insaid figures. Ordinarily 1n pract1ce the various adjustments are made asnearly simultaneously as possible, and are continually being changed, inwhole or in part, to suit the varying conditions encountered.

By reason of the combination of adjustments provided, many desirableresults can be obtained which are not otherwise obtainable. The shiftingof the rear axle 12 transversely of the frame 10 allows the mold board60 to be shifted into or out of line m.ay be made to travel any pathdesired w1 th1n the limits of adjustment, side draft being prevented bythe proper tilting of the .wheels This advantage is augmented by makingthe axle 12 at the same time skewable relatively to the frame 10, asthereby the frame may be put at an angle to the direction of travel ofthe grader while the axles may still be perpendicular to such di` frection of travel. Similarly the shifting of the axle may be used tocause one wheel 14 to bear against the side of a ditch when the graderis used for lifting material out ofthe dltch, thus giving the wheel anadditional Ibearing to prevent side draft. This is of a bank, as inwidening a road, and also ennhlnq Hm -Fnll WMM. n-F n... ...nu aan.; 1^LA with either wheel 14, so that such wheels d at all tea. @t cose, inall-.these operations, the wheels i3 and lt sbd be tilted to the properangle to prevent side dratt. Atlan other operations are also renderedpossib e by the combination ofmovements provided, in some. cases itbeing necessary to use only the skevving and tilting adjustments and inothers only the. shifting and tiltin ad'umments. r.lfhe variousoperations an adjustments are facilitated by the transverse shiftabilityot the turn table bl ot the mold board 60. f

ll claim as my invention:

l. A grader, comprising a trame, front` and rear axles on which saldtrame is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one ot said axlesbein shittable transversely of the trame and t e rear axle beingskewable to diderent angles relative to the frame, and some of theWheels being tiltable to different vertical angles relative to theirassociated axles, and a` mold board carried by said trame and shiiltabletransversely thereof. Y

2. A grader, comprising= aftrame, front and rear .i es on which saldframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one ot the said axlesbeing shiftable transversely ot the frame and the rear axle beingslrewable to diderent angles relative to the frame, and some of thewheels being tiltable to ditterent vertical angles. relative to theirassociated axles, and a mold board carried by said trame. g

3. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidiframe is mounted, supporting Wheels tor each axle, the rear axle beingskevvable to did'erent angles relative to the trame, and some of theWheels .being tiltable to diderent vertical angles relative to theirassociated axles;- independently of any movement of said axle, and amold board carried by said frame. and shiftable transversely thereof.

A. A grader, comprising` a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted supporting Wheels for each axle, the rear ax e beingshewable to did'erent angles relative to the trame, and some of theWheels being tiltable to different vertical angles relative to theirassociated axlesindependently et any movement of said axles, and a moldboard carriedby said frame.

5. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporbing Wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the trame,` and some of the Wheels beintiltable to diderent vertical angles relative to l eir associated axles,and a mold board carried by said tramel and shittable transversely.thereof. 6. A grader, comprising Aa frame, front d rear axles on whichsaid frame is mountttt-eilt,Y supporting Wheels tor-each. axle, one` ofai. axl bein shiftable transversely ot the trarne, and some of theWheels being tiltable to did'erent vertical angles relative to theiraiated axles, and a mold board carsaid axles being shiftabletransversely of thel frame and the rear axle being skewable to di'erentangles relative to the trame, and some of the Wheels being tiltable todiderent vertical angles relative to their associated axles, and a moldboard carried by said frame and adjustable about an approximatelyvertical axis to dii'erent angles relative to the trame. a

8. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saldframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, the rear axle being.skevvable to dierent angles relative to the trame, and some of theWheels being tiltable to diderent vertical angles relative to theirassociated axles independently of any movement of said axles, and a moldboard carried by said fra-me and adjustable about an approximately'vertical axis to different. angles relative to the frame.

9. A grader, comprising a frame, front ,and rear axles on which said'frame is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle, one of ,said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame, and some of the wheels beingtiltable to diderent vertical angles relative to their associated axles,4and a mold board carried by said trame and adjustable about anapproximately vertical axis to diierent angles to the frame.

10. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the trame, and the rear axle beingskewable to di'erent angles relative tothe frame, and some of the Wheelsbeing tiltable to different vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said irame'and having its two endsrelatively adjustable in height.

1l. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on Whichsaidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, the rear axlebeing skewable to different angles relative tothe frame, and some of theWheels being tiltable to diderent vertical angles relative to theirassociated axles independently of any movement of said axles, and a moldboard carried by said frame and having its two ends relativelyadjustable in height.

12. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame, and some of the Wheels beingtiltable to diderent vertical angles relative to their llfl associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame and having its two endsrelatively adjustable in heig t 13. A grader, comprising a frame, frontand rear axles on which said frame is mounted, supporting wheels foreach axle, one of said axles being shiftable transversely of the frameand the rear axle being skeWable to different angles relative to theframe, and some of the Wheels being tilted, and a mold board carried bysaid frame.

14. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, the rear axle beingskewable to different angles relative to the frame, and some of thewheels being tilted, such tilting being independent of any movement ofsaid axles, and a mold board carried by said-frame.

15. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle,one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame, and some of the wheels beingtilted relatively to their supporting axles, and a mold board carried bysaid frame.

16. A grader, comprising a frame, supporting wheels therefor, one ofthesupporting wheels being skewable, transversely shiftable, and tiltablerelatively the frame, said adjustments being obtainable independently ofone another, and a mold board carried by said frame.

17. A grader, comprising a frame, supporting Wheels therefor, one of thesupporting Wheels being skewable, transversely shiftable, vand tiltablerelatively to the frame, and a mold board carried by said frame. y

18. A grader, comprising a. frame, a pair of supporting wheels therefor,said supporting wheels as a unit being skewable, transversely shiftable,and tiltable relatively to said frame, and a mold board carried by saidframe. l 19. A grader, comprising a frame, a pair of supporting Wheelstherefor, said supporting Wheels as a unit being skewable and tiltablerelatively to said frame, said two adjustments being obtainableindependently of each other, and a mold board carried by said frame.

20. A grader, comprising a frame, a pair' rear supporting wheelstherefor, said rear supporting wheels as a unit being skewable,transversely shiftable, and tiltable relatively to saidy frame, and saidfront supporting vivheels asa unit being tiltable relatively to saidframe, and a mold board carried by said frame.

22. A grader, comprisin a frame, a pair of front supporting Wheels and apair of rear supporting wheels therefor, said rear supporting Wheels asa unit being sliiftable and tiltable relatively to said frame, said twoadjustments being obtainable independently of each other, and said frontsup orting Wheels as a unit being tiltable relatively to said frame, anda mold board carried by said frame.

23. 'A grader, comprisin a frame, a pair of front supporting Whee s anda pair of rear supporting wheels therefor, said rear supporting wheelsas a unit being tiltable and transversely shiftable relatively to saidframe and said front supporting wheels as a unit being tiltablerelatively to said frame, and a mold board carried by said frame.

24. A grader, comprising a frame, a pair of front supporting wheels anda air of rear supporting Wheels therefor, said rear supporting Wheels asa unit being skewable, transversely shiftable, and tiltable relativelyto said frame, and a mold board carried by said frame. v

25. A grader, comprising a frame, a pair of front supporting wheels anda pair of rear supporting wheels therefor, said rear supporting Wheelsas a unit being skewable and tiltable relatively to said frame, said twoadJustments being obtainable inde )endently of each other, and a moldboar carried by said frame.

26. A grader, comprising a frame, a pair of front supporting Wheels anda pair of rear supporting wheels therefor, said rear supporting wheelsas a unit being tiltable and transversely shiftable relatively to saidframe, and a mold board carried by said frame.

27. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame and the rear axle beinskewable to different angles relative `to the rame, and all the Wheelsbeing tiltable to different lvertical anglesrelative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame and shiftable transverselythereof.

28. A grader, comprisin a frame, front and rear axles on which sai frameis mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one of the said axles beingshiftable transversely of the frame and the rear axle being skewable todifferent angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheels beingtiltable to different vertical anglesfrelative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame.

29. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle, the rear axle beingskewable to different angles relaand rear axles on which said frame ismount-- ed, supporting wheels for each axle, the rear axle beingskewable to different angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheelsbeing tiltable to different vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles independently ottA any movement of said axles, and a Amold boardcarried by said frame. l

31. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame, and all the Wheels beingtiltable to different vertical angles relatlve to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame and shiftable transverselythereof.

32. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame, and all the Wheels beingtiltable to different vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame.

33. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame and the rear axle being skewable to different angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheels beingtiltable to different vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said trame and adjustable about anapproximately vertical axis to different angles relative to the frame.

3A. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on Which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, the rear axle beingskewable to dilerent angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheelsbeing tiltable to different vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles independently of any movement of said axles, and a mold boardcarried by said frame and adjustable about an approximately verticalaxis to different angles relative to the frame.

35. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely oit the frame, and all the Wheels beintiltable to difl'erent vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame and adjustable about anapproximately vertical axis to diii'erent angles to the frame.

36. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shitable transversely of the frame, and the rear axle beingskewable to different angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheelsbeing tiltable to different vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said iframe and having its two endsrelatively adjustable in height.

37. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, the rear axle beingskewable to different angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheelsbeing tiltable to dierent vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles independently of any movement of said axles, and a mold boardcarried by said frame and having its two ends relatively adjustable inheight.

38. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on Which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame, and all the Wheels beingtiltable to different vertical angles relative to their associatedaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame and having its two endsrelatively adjustable in height.

39. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one oit' said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame and the rear axle beingskewable to different angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheelsbeing tilted, and a mold board carried by said frame.

40. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on Which saidframe is mounted, supporting wheels for each axle, the rear axle beingskevvable to dierent angles relative to the frame, and all the Wheelsbeing tilted, such tilting being lndependent of any movement of saidaxles, and a mold board carried by said frame.

41. A grader, comprising a frame, front and rear axles on which saidframe is mounted, supporting Wheels for each axle, one of said axlesbeing shiftable transversely of the frame, and all the Wheels beingtilted relatively to their supporting axles, and a mold board carried bysaid frame.

1n witness whereof, ll have hereunto set my hand at llndianapolis,lndiana.

RUY E. ADAMS.

Witnesses:

JosnPmNn Gasrnn, Gr. 1B. Sor.

